In this article we will discuss about the impact of new provisions of Social Security Code 2020 on Gratuity Benefit on Financial Statements of Indian Companies.
New Provisions to be effective from 01.06.2021 under the Code of Social Security 2020 - (Refer Section 53 (1) of The Social Security Code 2020
Gratuity shall be payable to an employee on the termination of his employment after he has rendered continuous service for not less than five years, —
(a) on his superannuation; or
(b) on his retirement or resignation; or
(c) on his death or disablement due to accident or disease; or
(d) on termination of his contract period under fixed term employment; or
(e) on happening of any such event as may be notified by the Central Government
Provided that in case of working journalist as defined in clause (f) of section 2 of the Working Journalists and Other Newspaper Employees (Condition of Service) and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1955, the expression “five years” occurring in this sub-section shall be deemed to be three years:
Provided further that the completion of continuous service of five years shall not be necessary where the termination of the employment of any employee is due to death or disablement or expiration of fixed term employment or happening of any such event as may be notified by the Central Government:
Provided also that in the case of death of the employee, gratuity payable to him shall be paid to his nominee or, if no nomination has been made, to his heirs, and where any such nominees or heirs is a minor, the share of such minor, shall be deposited with the competent authority as may be notified by the appropriate Government who shall invest the same for the benefit of such minor in such bank or other financial institution, as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government, until such minor attains majority
Determination of Gratuity Amount – (Refer Section 53 (2) of The Social Security Code 2020
For every completed year of service or part thereof in excess of six months, the employer shall pay gratuity to an employee at the rate of fifteen days’ wages or such number of days as may be notified by the Central Government, based on the rate of wages last drawn by the employee concerned. The formula for calculation of Gratuity for such employees will be: –
For Regular Employees
(Wages of the employee at the time of exit) x (15/26) x (Number of Years of Service at the time of exit)
Provided that in the case of a piece-rated employee, daily wages shall be computed on the average of the total wages received by him for a period of three months immediately preceding the termination of his employment, and, for this purpose, the wages paid for any overtime work shall not be taken into account:
Provided further that in the case of an employee who is employed in a seasonal establishment and who is not so employed throughout the year, the employer shall pay the gratuity at the rate of seven days’ wages for each season. The formula for calculation of Gratuity for such employees will be: –
For Seasonal Employees
(Wages of the employee at the time of exit) x (7/26) x (Number of Years of Service at the time of exit)
Provided also that in the case of an employee employed on fixed term employment or a deceased employee, the employer shall pay gratuity on pro rata basis. The formula for calculation of Gratuity for such employees will be: –
For Fixed Term Employees
(Wages of the employee at the time of exit) x (15/26) x (Pro Rated Fraction & Completed Year of Service at the time of expiration of term of employment)
Major Changes
After analyzing the new provisions of Chapter 5 of Social Security Code, 2020, it is observed that following changes will cause exponential rise in provisions of gratuity liability in the Financial Statements (i.e Balance Sheet, OCI & Profit/Loss, etc.) of the Companies: -
I. Change in Definition of Wages,
II. Change in Vesting Condition for Fixed Term Employees,
III. Change in Vesting Condition for Working Journalists and Other Newspaper Employees,
IV. On happening of any such event as may be notified by the Central Government,
V. Compulsory Gratuity Insurance.
The impact of the above Factors on Gratuity Benefits can be understood by the following Examples:
Point I - Change in Wages
This change will affect the Financial Statements of the companies, where the Wages are less than 50% of monthly CTC. Let us take an example to understand this change. Say Mr. A is Regular Employee and has completed 5 years of Service with Company ABC and his Wages for computation of Gratuity as on 31.03.2021 is Rs. 2,70,000/- per month which 30% of Monthly CTC Salary (i.e., Rs. 9,00,000/-), Now Gratuity Payable by the company to Mr. A under the provisions of the Payment of Gratuity Act 1972 (a) will be: -
Gratuity Payable on 31.03.2021 = (15/26) *(5) *(2,70,000/-)
= Rs. 7,78,846/-
After change in the Definition of Wages under the new provisions of Social Security Code 2020, now new wages of Employee A will be: -
Total Monthly CTC = Rs. 9,00,000/-
New Wages (i.e., 50% of CTC) = Rs. 4,50,000/- (i.e., 9,00,000 * 0.50 = 4,50,000/-)
Now Gratuity Payable to Employee A with new wages as on 01.04.2021 will be: -
Gratuity Payable on 01.04.2021 = (15/26) *(5) *(4,50,000/-) = Rs. 12,98,077/-
Total Impact due to change in Wages will be Rs. 12,98,077/- minus Rs. 7,78,846/- equals to Rs. 5,19,231/-
Point II & III - Change in Vesting Condition
This change will affect the Financial Statements of the companies where contractual or fixed term employees are hired for a task such IT & Engineering Companies. Let us take another example to understand how change in vesting condition will affect the Financial Statements of IT, Engineering & Companies where mostly Fixed Term Employees are employed.
Let’s Say Mr. A is Fixed Term Employee and working in company from last 5 years with Company ABC and his Wages for computation of Gratuity for last 5 years is Rs. 2,70,000/- per month which 30% of Monthly CTC Salary (i.e., Rs. 9,00,000/-).
Now Gratuity Payable by the company to Mr. A when he resigns the company before 5 years under the provisions of the Payment of Gratuity Act 1972 (a) will be: -
if Employee A leaves the company after completing year 1 = (15/26) *(1) *(2,70,000/-) = NIL
if Employee A leaves the company after completing year 2 = (15/26) *(2) *(2,70,000/-) = NIL
if Employee A leaves the company after completing year 3 = (15/26) *(3) *(2,70,000/-) = NIL
if Employee A leaves the company after completing year 4 = (15/26) *(4) *(2,70,000/-) = NIL
if Employee A leaves the company after completing year 5 = (15/26) *(5) *(2,70,000/-) = Rs. 7,78,846/-
After Implementation of New Provisions of Chapter V of Social Security Code 2020, Gratuity Payable by the company to Mr. A when he resigns the company in 5 years will be:-
if Employee A leaves the company after completing year 1 = (15/26) *(1) *(4,50,000/-) = Rs. 2,59,615/-
if Employee A leaves the company after completing year 2 = (15/26) *(2) *(4,50,000/-) = Rs. 5,19,231/-
if Employee A leaves the company after completing year 3 = (15/26) *(3) *(4,50,000/-) = Rs. 7,78,846/-
if Employee A leaves the company after completing year 4 = (15/26) *(4) *(4,50,000/-) = Rs. 10,38,462/-
if Employee A leaves the company after completing year 5 = (15/26) *(5) *(4,50,000/-) = Rs. 12,98,077/-
The above change will hit the Financial Statements of Companies where major work is assigned to Fixed Term Employees. According to provisions of Payment of Gratuity Act 1972 (a), companies were liable to pay the gratuity to irrespective to employment type after 5 years of Service but under the new provisions of Chapter V of Social Security Code 2020, companies will be liable to pay gratuity immediately to Fixed Term Employees after termination of Contract period. Financial Statements of IT, Engineering, Real Estate and Highway Toll Collection companies will be affected by this change.
Point IV - On happening of any such event as may be notified by the Central Government,
This change may affect the following: -
1. Change in Benefit Formulae for Payment of Gratuity
2. Change in Ceiling Limit of 20 Lacs
3. Change in Vesting Condition for Regular Employees
4. Further Change in the Definition of Wages for Regular Employees
5. Changes about the calculation of Past Service
If any of the above change is notified by the Central Government, it will increase the liability of Gratuity in the Financial Statements of the Companies.
Compulsory Gratuity Insurance – Point V
This change will reduce the risk of default on payment of Gratuity to employee by the Companies. As Compulsory Gratuity Insurance will though an Approved Gratuity Trust will arrange the money for payment of gratuity to employees even in case of bankruptcy of the company. Under the provisions of this change each company with more than 10 employees has to secure the Gratuity Payment though a Compulsory Gratuity Insurance. For more details in the matter, you may contact us.
Options for Companies for Management of Gratuity Liability?
Companies generally have 2 options for management of Gratuity Liability and these 2 are as under: -
1. Accounting Option - It is a compulsory option for Companies as it is enforced by the provisions of Section 129 & 133 of Companies Act 2013. In this option companies make provision of gratuity based on an Actuarial Report duly certified by Actuary for compliance of AS 15 Revised 2005/IndAS 19.
2. Funding Option - It is a Discretionary Option for Indian Companies but it is a preferred option due to Annual Tax benefits available under Section 36 (1) (v) of the Income Tax Act 1961. This benefit is not available in option 1 above.
As mentioned in Point IV above that the Gratuity Liability in future will be affected by various factors such as increase wages, increase in services period of employees, so funding option will be the most appropriate method for mitigating the financial impact of such changes in future. To understand this feature of Funding Option, let us take an example of Contributions by the companies and interest accrued in Gratuity Fund.
An employee Roy joins the Company A at Age 35 and the retirement age of the employees in the company A is 60 years. At the time of joining the company on 01.04.2020, his basic salary was 26000/- and there is 5% increase every year in his basic Salary.
Now Gratuity Payable to Roy at his Retirement will be
Total Service Period till retirement –> 60 – 35 = 25 years
Basic Salary at the time of Retirement = 26000*(1.05) ^25 = 26000*(3.386355) = 88045/-
Now Gratuity Payable as per Payment of Gratuity Act 1972 (a) Formulae to Mr. Roy will be = (15/26) *25*88045 = 1269880/-
Under the Funding Option where company start paying annual contributions into the Group Gratuity Scheme of Insurer and earning only 6% of Interest on the all contributions (which is 8.33% of annual wages of employee) made by the company till retirement will get deductions for contributions and also tax-free interest which will reduce the financial burden of any change in the act or code on the shoulders of the company.
A calculation of Tax Benefits and Accumulated Interest is given below for Mr. Roy.
Age of Mr. Roy Years Date of Contribution Wages at the time of contribution Annual Wages at the time of contribution Contributed amount by company (8.33% of Annual Wages) Outstanding Years (OS) 1.06^OS TotaL Interest Accrued on Contributed Amount (@6%)
35 0 01.04.2020 26000 312000 0 25 4.292 0
36 1 01.04.2021 27300 327600 27289 24 4.049 83203
37 2 01.04.2022 28665 343980 28654 23 3.820 80796
38 3 01.04.2023 30098 361179 30086 22 3.604 78331
39 4 01.04.2024 31603 379238 31591 21 3.400 75803
40 5 01.04.2025 33183 398200 33170 20 3.207 73211
41 6 01.04.2026 34842 418110 34829 19 3.026 70549
42 7 01.04.2027 36585 439015 36570 18 2.854 67813
43 8 01.04.2028 38414 460966 38398 17 2.693 65000
44 9 01.04.2029 40335 484014 40318 16 2.540 62105
45 10 01.04.2030 42351 508215 42334 15 2.397 59122
46 11 01.04.2031 44469 533626 44451 14 2.261 56048
47 12 01.04.2032 46692 560307 46674 13 2.133 52878
48 13 01.04.2033 49027 588323 49007 12 2.012 49605
49 14 01.04.2034 51478 617739 51458 11 1.898 46224
50 15 01.04.2035 54052 648626 54031 10 1.791 42730
51 16 01.04.2036 56755 681057 56732 9 1.689 39116
52 17 01.04.2037 59592 715110 59569 8 1.594 35375
53 18 01.04.2038 62572 750865 62547 7 1.504 31501
54 19 01.04.2039 65701 788408 65674 6 1.419 27486
55 20 01.04.2040 68986 827829 68958 5 1.338 23323
56 21 01.04.2041 72435 869220 72406 4 1.262 19005
57 22 01.04.2042 76057 912681 76026 3 1.191 14522
58 23 01.04.2043 79860 958315 79828 2 1.124 9867
59 24 01.04.2044 83853 1006231 83819 1 1.060 5029
1240905 14890855 1214419 1168641
Now Companies liability to pay Gratuity at the time of retirement is Rs. 12,69,880/-
Deductions claimed by company for contributions were Rs. 12,14,419/-
Tax Free Interest Accrued @6% as given by Insurance Companies will be Rs. 11,68,641/-
Now Additional Surplus available in Gratuity Trust for making payment to other employees will be = 11,13,180/-
The above example clearly shows that Funding Options is the most appropriate method for companies to mitigate the effect of
future changes in Gratuity Liability due to changes in Act/Law/Code. Few more benefits of Funding Options are given below: -
The establishment of Gratuity Trust requires in-depth knowledge of various rules/regulations and expertise. We have a team-leading Professionals, Litigation Partners, Chartered Accountants, Company Secretaries & Heads of Insurance Companies having decades of experience in providing their services to our clients spread in all sectors of the Indian Economy, in the Public & Private Sectors which covers areas of Manufacturing, Software, Technology, Electricity, Electronics, Call Centers, Banks, Educational Institutes, Schools, Universities, Hotels, Hospitals, Hospitality Companies, etc. etc. Our Firm “Gratuity Trust Fund Consultant” is engaged in providing Consultancy Services to Public Sector, Private Sector and Multinational Companies for Formation of Gratuity Trust/Fund as per provisions of the Part C of Fourth Schedule of Income Tax Act 1961.
The details of Consultancy Services offered by us are as under: -
1. Formation of a New Approved Irrevocable Gratuity Trust,
2. Investment of Trust Money as per Income Tax Rules 1962,
3. Vetting of Board Resolutions, Trust Deed, Trust Rules & Application for Approval from CIT,
4. Vetting of Deed of Variations and Applications required by Trustees/Companies for Approvals from CIT for Gratuity Trust in terms of Part C of Schedule IV of Income Tax Act,1961 in following cases: -
a. Change in Name of Trust,
b. Change in Address of Trust,
c. Change in Trustees,
d. Change in Investment Pattern of Gratuity Funds from 1 Insurer to another,
e. Change in Benefit Formulae for Gratuity Benefits,
f. Change in Retirement Age of Employees,
g. Change in Object of Trust,
h. Change in Trust Rules,
i. Approvals for winding up of Trust due to winding up of the Company,
j. Approvals for Transfer of Fund in Event of Merger or De-merger,
5. Advisory for Process, Advantages & Disadvantages for Formation of Gratuity Trust,
6. Advisory for Formation/Restructuring of Gratuity Policy as per Social Security Code, 2020,
7. Consultation about Statutory compliances of The Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 as per Accounting Standards – 15 (Revised 2005) & IndAS19,
8. Advisory for Accounting & Compulsory Gratuity Insurance Options for Compliance of The Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 & *Chapter V-Gratuity of Social Security Code, 2020 (*Date for Implementation yet to be notified)
We have a Team of following Consultants with Decades of Experiences in their field and present Major Cities of India for execution of the assignments in timelines stipulated by our client:-
o Legal Consultants - For Legal Issues involved in Formation of Gratuity Trust
o Taxation Consultants - For Accounting Related Issues of Gratuity Trust
o Income Tax Consultants - For Documentation of CIT Approval of Gratuity Trust.
o Investment Consultants - For Gratuity Trust Money Investment Advisory.
o Actuarial Valuation Consultants - For Actuarial Valuation Reports/Certificates
o Merchant Bankers – For Assets Value Certification for Investment of Gratuity Trust
Support Services : -
We also provide Support Services for preparation of Inputs for Preparation of Actuarial Valuation Reports/Certificates of Actuary required by Gratuity Trust of Indian, Multinational & NBFC Companies required in following events: -
(i). For Initial Funding Assessment of Gratuity and Leave Encashment Liability by Trustees,
(ii). For assessment of Accrued Liability for Gratuity and Leave Liability in following events: -
a. Transfer of Employees within a Group Company.
b. Amalgamation of 2 companies
c. De-merger of company
d. Winding of Company
(iii). For Annual Audit of Balance Sheets of Gratuity Trust as per Actuarial valuations Reports/Certificates are also required by Trustees for compliance of following Accounting Standards: -
a. For Compliance Para 120 (l) of AS 15 (Revised 2005)
b. For Full Compliance Para 120) of AS 15 (Revised 2005)
c. IndAS 19
d. IAS 19 (Revised 2011)
e. US-GAAP
In past 12 years we have provided our Consultancy and Supports Services to many reputed organizations spread in all sectors of Indian Economy and the main categories are: -
a. SME Clients
b. Schools/Educational Institutes c. Non - SME Clients
d. Unlisted Companies
e. NBFC
f. Companies Listed in Indian Stock Exchange
g. Companies Listed in Foreign Stock Exchanges
h. Multinational Companies operating in India
To avail our Consultancy for Formation of Gratuity Trust & Support Services for Preparation of Inputs for Actuarial Valuations in compliance of AS 15 (Revised 2005), IndAS 19 & IAS 19 (Revised 2011) - IFRS, you may send your requirement at tikaramchaudhary@gratuitytrustfund.com
With Regards
Tika Ram Chaudhary
Gratuity, Pension, Superannuation Trust Fund Consultant
(Corporate Consultant with more than 12 Years of experience in providing Support Services to Indian and Multinational Companies for Formation of Gratuity Trust, formed to gain Tax Benefit available for Companies under Section 36 (1) (v) of Income Tax Act 1961 & Specialized Support Services for preparation of Inputs for Actuarial Valuations in compliance of AS 15 (Revised 2005), IndAS 19, IAS 19 (Revised 2011) - IFRS & USGAAP required by Gratuity Trust of Indian Companies)
Trade Name - Gratuity Trust Fund Consultant
Registered Office Address: R 11, F/F, R Block, Vikas Nagar, Uttam Nagar, New Delhi -110059
Mobile Number: 9211637063
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From India, Delhi
5New Provisions to be effective from 01.06.2021 under the Code of Social Security 2020 - (Refer Section 53 (1) of The Social Security Code 2020
Gratuity shall be payable to an employee on the termination of his employment after he has rendered continuous service for not less than five years, —
(a) on his superannuation; or
(b) on his retirement or resignation; or
(c) on his death or disablement due to accident or disease; or
(d) on termination of his contract period under fixed term employment; or
(e) on happening of any such event as may be notified by the Central Government
Provided that in case of working journalist as defined in clause (f) of section 2 of the Working Journalists and Other Newspaper Employees (Condition of Service) and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1955, the expression “five years” occurring in this sub-section shall be deemed to be three years:
Provided further that the completion of continuous service of five years shall not be necessary where the termination of the employment of any employee is due to death or disablement or expiration of fixed term employment or happening of any such event as may be notified by the Central Government:
Provided also that in the case of death of the employee, gratuity payable to him shall be paid to his nominee or, if no nomination has been made, to his heirs, and where any such nominees or heirs is a minor, the share of such minor, shall be deposited with the competent authority as may be notified by the appropriate Government who shall invest the same for the benefit of such minor in such bank or other financial institution, as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government, until such minor attains majority
Determination of Gratuity Amount – (Refer Section 53 (2) of The Social Security Code 2020
For every completed year of service or part thereof in excess of six months, the employer shall pay gratuity to an employee at the rate of fifteen days’ wages or such number of days as may be notified by the Central Government, based on the rate of wages last drawn by the employee concerned. The formula for calculation of Gratuity for such employees will be: –
For Regular Employees
(Wages of the employee at the time of exit) x (15/26) x (Number of Years of Service at the time of exit)
Provided that in the case of a piece-rated employee, daily wages shall be computed on the average of the total wages received by him for a period of three months immediately preceding the termination of his employment, and, for this purpose, the wages paid for any overtime work shall not be taken into account:
Provided further that in the case of an employee who is employed in a seasonal establishment and who is not so employed throughout the year, the employer shall pay the gratuity at the rate of seven days’ wages for each season. The formula for calculation of Gratuity for such employees will be: –
For Seasonal Employees
(Wages of the employee at the time of exit) x (7/26) x (Number of Years of Service at the time of exit)
Provided also that in the case of an employee employed on fixed term employment or a deceased employee, the employer shall pay gratuity on pro rata basis. The formula for calculation of Gratuity for such employees will be: –
For Fixed Term Employees
(Wages of the employee at the time of exit) x (15/26) x (Pro Rated Fraction & Completed Year of Service at the time of expiration of term of employment)
Major Changes
After analyzing the new provisions of Chapter 5 of Social Security Code, 2020, it is observed that following changes will cause exponential rise in provisions of gratuity liability in the Financial Statements (i.e Balance Sheet, OCI & Profit/Loss, etc.) of the Companies: -
I. Change in Definition of Wages,
II. Change in Vesting Condition for Fixed Term Employees,
III. Change in Vesting Condition for Working Journalists and Other Newspaper Employees,
IV. On happening of any such event as may be notified by the Central Government,
V. Compulsory Gratuity Insurance.
The impact of the above Factors on Gratuity Benefits can be understood by the following Examples:
Point I - Change in Wages
This change will affect the Financial Statements of the companies, where the Wages are less than 50% of monthly CTC. Let us take an example to understand this change. Say Mr. A is Regular Employee and has completed 5 years of Service with Company ABC and his Wages for computation of Gratuity as on 31.03.2021 is Rs. 2,70,000/- per month which 30% of Monthly CTC Salary (i.e., Rs. 9,00,000/-), Now Gratuity Payable by the company to Mr. A under the provisions of the Payment of Gratuity Act 1972 (a) will be: -
Gratuity Payable on 31.03.2021 = (15/26) *(5) *(2,70,000/-)
= Rs. 7,78,846/-
After change in the Definition of Wages under the new provisions of Social Security Code 2020, now new wages of Employee A will be: -
Total Monthly CTC = Rs. 9,00,000/-
New Wages (i.e., 50% of CTC) = Rs. 4,50,000/- (i.e., 9,00,000 * 0.50 = 4,50,000/-)
Now Gratuity Payable to Employee A with new wages as on 01.04.2021 will be: -
Gratuity Payable on 01.04.2021 = (15/26) *(5) *(4,50,000/-) = Rs. 12,98,077/-
Total Impact due to change in Wages will be Rs. 12,98,077/- minus Rs. 7,78,846/- equals to Rs. 5,19,231/-
Point II & III - Change in Vesting Condition
This change will affect the Financial Statements of the companies where contractual or fixed term employees are hired for a task such IT & Engineering Companies. Let us take another example to understand how change in vesting condition will affect the Financial Statements of IT, Engineering & Companies where mostly Fixed Term Employees are employed.
Let’s Say Mr. A is Fixed Term Employee and working in company from last 5 years with Company ABC and his Wages for computation of Gratuity for last 5 years is Rs. 2,70,000/- per month which 30% of Monthly CTC Salary (i.e., Rs. 9,00,000/-).
Now Gratuity Payable by the company to Mr. A when he resigns the company before 5 years under the provisions of the Payment of Gratuity Act 1972 (a) will be: -
if Employee A leaves the company after completing year 1 = (15/26) *(1) *(2,70,000/-) = NIL
if Employee A leaves the company after completing year 2 = (15/26) *(2) *(2,70,000/-) = NIL
if Employee A leaves the company after completing year 3 = (15/26) *(3) *(2,70,000/-) = NIL
if Employee A leaves the company after completing year 4 = (15/26) *(4) *(2,70,000/-) = NIL
if Employee A leaves the company after completing year 5 = (15/26) *(5) *(2,70,000/-) = Rs. 7,78,846/-
After Implementation of New Provisions of Chapter V of Social Security Code 2020, Gratuity Payable by the company to Mr. A when he resigns the company in 5 years will be:-
if Employee A leaves the company after completing year 1 = (15/26) *(1) *(4,50,000/-) = Rs. 2,59,615/-
if Employee A leaves the company after completing year 2 = (15/26) *(2) *(4,50,000/-) = Rs. 5,19,231/-
if Employee A leaves the company after completing year 3 = (15/26) *(3) *(4,50,000/-) = Rs. 7,78,846/-
if Employee A leaves the company after completing year 4 = (15/26) *(4) *(4,50,000/-) = Rs. 10,38,462/-
if Employee A leaves the company after completing year 5 = (15/26) *(5) *(4,50,000/-) = Rs. 12,98,077/-
The above change will hit the Financial Statements of Companies where major work is assigned to Fixed Term Employees. According to provisions of Payment of Gratuity Act 1972 (a), companies were liable to pay the gratuity to irrespective to employment type after 5 years of Service but under the new provisions of Chapter V of Social Security Code 2020, companies will be liable to pay gratuity immediately to Fixed Term Employees after termination of Contract period. Financial Statements of IT, Engineering, Real Estate and Highway Toll Collection companies will be affected by this change.
Point IV - On happening of any such event as may be notified by the Central Government,
This change may affect the following: -
1. Change in Benefit Formulae for Payment of Gratuity
2. Change in Ceiling Limit of 20 Lacs
3. Change in Vesting Condition for Regular Employees
4. Further Change in the Definition of Wages for Regular Employees
5. Changes about the calculation of Past Service
If any of the above change is notified by the Central Government, it will increase the liability of Gratuity in the Financial Statements of the Companies.
Compulsory Gratuity Insurance – Point V
This change will reduce the risk of default on payment of Gratuity to employee by the Companies. As Compulsory Gratuity Insurance will though an Approved Gratuity Trust will arrange the money for payment of gratuity to employees even in case of bankruptcy of the company. Under the provisions of this change each company with more than 10 employees has to secure the Gratuity Payment though a Compulsory Gratuity Insurance. For more details in the matter, you may contact us.
Options for Companies for Management of Gratuity Liability?
Companies generally have 2 options for management of Gratuity Liability and these 2 are as under: -
1. Accounting Option - It is a compulsory option for Companies as it is enforced by the provisions of Section 129 & 133 of Companies Act 2013. In this option companies make provision of gratuity based on an Actuarial Report duly certified by Actuary for compliance of AS 15 Revised 2005/IndAS 19.
2. Funding Option - It is a Discretionary Option for Indian Companies but it is a preferred option due to Annual Tax benefits available under Section 36 (1) (v) of the Income Tax Act 1961. This benefit is not available in option 1 above.
As mentioned in Point IV above that the Gratuity Liability in future will be affected by various factors such as increase wages, increase in services period of employees, so funding option will be the most appropriate method for mitigating the financial impact of such changes in future. To understand this feature of Funding Option, let us take an example of Contributions by the companies and interest accrued in Gratuity Fund.
An employee Roy joins the Company A at Age 35 and the retirement age of the employees in the company A is 60 years. At the time of joining the company on 01.04.2020, his basic salary was 26000/- and there is 5% increase every year in his basic Salary.
Now Gratuity Payable to Roy at his Retirement will be
Total Service Period till retirement –> 60 – 35 = 25 years
Basic Salary at the time of Retirement = 26000*(1.05) ^25 = 26000*(3.386355) = 88045/-
Now Gratuity Payable as per Payment of Gratuity Act 1972 (a) Formulae to Mr. Roy will be = (15/26) *25*88045 = 1269880/-
Under the Funding Option where company start paying annual contributions into the Group Gratuity Scheme of Insurer and earning only 6% of Interest on the all contributions (which is 8.33% of annual wages of employee) made by the company till retirement will get deductions for contributions and also tax-free interest which will reduce the financial burden of any change in the act or code on the shoulders of the company.
A calculation of Tax Benefits and Accumulated Interest is given below for Mr. Roy.
Age of Mr. Roy Years Date of Contribution Wages at the time of contribution Annual Wages at the time of contribution Contributed amount by company (8.33% of Annual Wages) Outstanding Years (OS) 1.06^OS TotaL Interest Accrued on Contributed Amount (@6%)
35 0 01.04.2020 26000 312000 0 25 4.292 0
36 1 01.04.2021 27300 327600 27289 24 4.049 83203
37 2 01.04.2022 28665 343980 28654 23 3.820 80796
38 3 01.04.2023 30098 361179 30086 22 3.604 78331
39 4 01.04.2024 31603 379238 31591 21 3.400 75803
40 5 01.04.2025 33183 398200 33170 20 3.207 73211
41 6 01.04.2026 34842 418110 34829 19 3.026 70549
42 7 01.04.2027 36585 439015 36570 18 2.854 67813
43 8 01.04.2028 38414 460966 38398 17 2.693 65000
44 9 01.04.2029 40335 484014 40318 16 2.540 62105
45 10 01.04.2030 42351 508215 42334 15 2.397 59122
46 11 01.04.2031 44469 533626 44451 14 2.261 56048
47 12 01.04.2032 46692 560307 46674 13 2.133 52878
48 13 01.04.2033 49027 588323 49007 12 2.012 49605
49 14 01.04.2034 51478 617739 51458 11 1.898 46224
50 15 01.04.2035 54052 648626 54031 10 1.791 42730
51 16 01.04.2036 56755 681057 56732 9 1.689 39116
52 17 01.04.2037 59592 715110 59569 8 1.594 35375
53 18 01.04.2038 62572 750865 62547 7 1.504 31501
54 19 01.04.2039 65701 788408 65674 6 1.419 27486
55 20 01.04.2040 68986 827829 68958 5 1.338 23323
56 21 01.04.2041 72435 869220 72406 4 1.262 19005
57 22 01.04.2042 76057 912681 76026 3 1.191 14522
58 23 01.04.2043 79860 958315 79828 2 1.124 9867
59 24 01.04.2044 83853 1006231 83819 1 1.060 5029
1240905 14890855 1214419 1168641
Now Companies liability to pay Gratuity at the time of retirement is Rs. 12,69,880/-
Deductions claimed by company for contributions were Rs. 12,14,419/-
Tax Free Interest Accrued @6% as given by Insurance Companies will be Rs. 11,68,641/-
Now Additional Surplus available in Gratuity Trust for making payment to other employees will be = 11,13,180/-
The above example clearly shows that Funding Options is the most appropriate method for companies to mitigate the effect of
future changes in Gratuity Liability due to changes in Act/Law/Code. Few more benefits of Funding Options are given below: -
The establishment of Gratuity Trust requires in-depth knowledge of various rules/regulations and expertise. We have a team-leading Professionals, Litigation Partners, Chartered Accountants, Company Secretaries & Heads of Insurance Companies having decades of experience in providing their services to our clients spread in all sectors of the Indian Economy, in the Public & Private Sectors which covers areas of Manufacturing, Software, Technology, Electricity, Electronics, Call Centers, Banks, Educational Institutes, Schools, Universities, Hotels, Hospitals, Hospitality Companies, etc. etc. Our Firm “Gratuity Trust Fund Consultant” is engaged in providing Consultancy Services to Public Sector, Private Sector and Multinational Companies for Formation of Gratuity Trust/Fund as per provisions of the Part C of Fourth Schedule of Income Tax Act 1961.
The details of Consultancy Services offered by us are as under: -
1. Formation of a New Approved Irrevocable Gratuity Trust,
2. Investment of Trust Money as per Income Tax Rules 1962,
3. Vetting of Board Resolutions, Trust Deed, Trust Rules & Application for Approval from CIT,
4. Vetting of Deed of Variations and Applications required by Trustees/Companies for Approvals from CIT for Gratuity Trust in terms of Part C of Schedule IV of Income Tax Act,1961 in following cases: -
a. Change in Name of Trust,
b. Change in Address of Trust,
c. Change in Trustees,
d. Change in Investment Pattern of Gratuity Funds from 1 Insurer to another,
e. Change in Benefit Formulae for Gratuity Benefits,
f. Change in Retirement Age of Employees,
g. Change in Object of Trust,
h. Change in Trust Rules,
i. Approvals for winding up of Trust due to winding up of the Company,
j. Approvals for Transfer of Fund in Event of Merger or De-merger,
5. Advisory for Process, Advantages & Disadvantages for Formation of Gratuity Trust,
6. Advisory for Formation/Restructuring of Gratuity Policy as per Social Security Code, 2020,
7. Consultation about Statutory compliances of The Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 as per Accounting Standards – 15 (Revised 2005) & IndAS19,
8. Advisory for Accounting & Compulsory Gratuity Insurance Options for Compliance of The Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 & *Chapter V-Gratuity of Social Security Code, 2020 (*Date for Implementation yet to be notified)
We have a Team of following Consultants with Decades of Experiences in their field and present Major Cities of India for execution of the assignments in timelines stipulated by our client:-
o Legal Consultants - For Legal Issues involved in Formation of Gratuity Trust
o Taxation Consultants - For Accounting Related Issues of Gratuity Trust
o Income Tax Consultants - For Documentation of CIT Approval of Gratuity Trust.
o Investment Consultants - For Gratuity Trust Money Investment Advisory.
o Actuarial Valuation Consultants - For Actuarial Valuation Reports/Certificates
o Merchant Bankers – For Assets Value Certification for Investment of Gratuity Trust
Support Services : -
We also provide Support Services for preparation of Inputs for Preparation of Actuarial Valuation Reports/Certificates of Actuary required by Gratuity Trust of Indian, Multinational & NBFC Companies required in following events: -
(i). For Initial Funding Assessment of Gratuity and Leave Encashment Liability by Trustees,
(ii). For assessment of Accrued Liability for Gratuity and Leave Liability in following events: -
a. Transfer of Employees within a Group Company.
b. Amalgamation of 2 companies
c. De-merger of company
d. Winding of Company
(iii). For Annual Audit of Balance Sheets of Gratuity Trust as per Actuarial valuations Reports/Certificates are also required by Trustees for compliance of following Accounting Standards: -
a. For Compliance Para 120 (l) of AS 15 (Revised 2005)
b. For Full Compliance Para 120) of AS 15 (Revised 2005)
c. IndAS 19
d. IAS 19 (Revised 2011)
e. US-GAAP
In past 12 years we have provided our Consultancy and Supports Services to many reputed organizations spread in all sectors of Indian Economy and the main categories are: -
a. SME Clients
b. Schools/Educational Institutes c. Non - SME Clients
d. Unlisted Companies
e. NBFC
f. Companies Listed in Indian Stock Exchange
g. Companies Listed in Foreign Stock Exchanges
h. Multinational Companies operating in India
To avail our Consultancy for Formation of Gratuity Trust & Support Services for Preparation of Inputs for Actuarial Valuations in compliance of AS 15 (Revised 2005), IndAS 19 & IAS 19 (Revised 2011) - IFRS, you may send your requirement at tikaramchaudhary@gratuitytrustfund.com
With Regards
Tika Ram Chaudhary
Gratuity, Pension, Superannuation Trust Fund Consultant
(Corporate Consultant with more than 12 Years of experience in providing Support Services to Indian and Multinational Companies for Formation of Gratuity Trust, formed to gain Tax Benefit available for Companies under Section 36 (1) (v) of Income Tax Act 1961 & Specialized Support Services for preparation of Inputs for Actuarial Valuations in compliance of AS 15 (Revised 2005), IndAS 19, IAS 19 (Revised 2011) - IFRS & USGAAP required by Gratuity Trust of Indian Companies)
Trade Name - Gratuity Trust Fund Consultant
Registered Office Address: R 11, F/F, R Block, Vikas Nagar, Uttam Nagar, New Delhi -110059
Mobile Number: 9211637063
Email Id: tikaramchaudhary@gratuitytrustfund.com
Website: www.gratuitytrustfund.com
Tax Guru Profile: https://taxguru.in/author/tikaramchaudhary@gmail.com/
LinkedIn Profile: https://www.linkedin.com/in/tika-ram-chaudhary-a5727848/
Ca-club-india Profile: https://www.caclubindia.com/profile.asp?member_id=1446582
Blog: http://gratuitytrustfundconsultant.blogspot.com
Google Business Listing: https://gratuity-trust-fund-consultant-in-delhi-ncr.business.site/
(All services/consultancy is subject to terms and conditions)
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